专业词汇|Metal Terminology (I-L)金属术语I-L

metal Terminology^{1 I}

IMPACT TEST
Test designed to determine, the resistance of metal to breakage by impact, usually by concentrating the applied^{2 stress to a notched3 specimen4.}

INCLUSION
Particles of impurities^{5 that are held mechanically or are formed during the solidification7 or by subsequent reaction within the solid metal.}

INDENTATION HARDNESS
The resistance of a material to indentation. This is the usual type of hardness test, in which a pointed^{8 or rounded indenter is pressed into a surface under a substantially static load.}

INDUCTION^{9 HARDENING
A process of hardening a ferrous alloy10 by heating it above the transformation11 range by means of electrical induction, and then cooling as required.}

INDUCTION HEATING
A process of heating by electrical induction.

INGOT
A casting for subsequent rolling or forging.

INHIBITOR
A substance which retards^{13 some specific chemical reaction. Pickling inhibitors retard12 the dissolution of metal without hindering the removal of scale from steel.}

INTERLEAVING
The placing of a sheet of paper between two adjacent layers of metal to facilitate handling and shearing^{15 of rectangular sheets, or to prevent sticking or scratching.}

INTERMEDIATE ANNEALING
An annealing treatment given to wrought^{16 metals following cold work hardening for the purpose of softness prior to further cold working.}

INTERRUPTED AGING
The aging of an alloy at two or more temperatures by steps, and cooling to room temperatures after each step. Compare with Progressive Aging.

IRON
Element No. 26 of the periodic system; Atomic weight 55.85. A magnetic silver-white metal of high tensile strength ductile^{17 and malleable18. Melting point of pure iron about 2795癋. Chemically iron is chiefly base forming. The principal forms of commercial iron are steel, cast iron and wrought iron.}

IRONING
Thinning the walls of deep drawn^{19 articles by reducing the clearance20 between punch and die.}

ISOTHERMAL ANNEALING
A process on which a ferrous alloy is heated to produce a structure partly or wholly austenitic, and is then cooled to and held at a temperature that causes transformation of the austenite to a relatively^{21 soft ferrite-carbide aggregate22.}

metal Terminology J

JIG^{23 SAW STEEL
Hardened, tempered and bright polished with round edges. Carbon content .85%. Range of sizes .039 to .393 in width and .016 to .039 in thickness.}

metal Terminology K

KILLED STEEL
The term killed indicates that the steel has been sufficiently^{24 deoxidized to quiet the molten metal when poured into the ingot mold. The general practice is to use aluminum25 ferrosilicon or manganese as deoxidizing agents. A properly killed steel is more uniform as to analysis and is comparatively free from aging. However, for the same carbon and manganese content Killed Steel is harder than Rimmed26 Steel. In general all steels above 0.25% carbon are killed, also all forging grades, structural27 steels from 0.15% to 0.25% carbon and some special steels in the low carbon range. Most steels below 0.1}

metal Terminology L

LADLE ANALYSIS
A term applied to the chemical analysis representative or in layers, as reported by the producer. Results are determined^{28 by analyzing29 a test ingot sample obtained during the pouring of the steel from a ladle.}

LAMINATIONS
A defect appearing in sheets or strips as a segregation^{30 or in layers. To become pided, caused by gas pockets in the ingot.}

LAP
A surface defect appearing as a seam, caused by folding over hot metal, fins^{31 or sharp corners and then rolling or forging them into the surface but not welding them.}

LAP-WELD
A term applied to a weld formed by lapping two pieces of metal and then pressing or hammering, and applied particularly to the longitudinal joint^{32 produced by a welding process for tubes or pipe, in which the edges of the skelp are beveled or scarfed so that when they are overlapped33 they can be welded together.}

LATTICE
Space lattice. Lattice lines and lattice planes are lines and planes chosen so as to pass through collinear lattice points, and noncollinear lattice points, respectively.

LEAD ANNEALING

LEVELING
Flattening rolled metal sheet or strip.

LIGHT metaLS
metals and alloys^{34 that have a low specific gravity, such as beryllium, magnesium35 and aluminum.}

LITHOGRAPHIC SHEET ALUMINUM
Sheet having a superior surface on one side with respect to freedom from surface imperfections and supplied with a maximum degree of flatness, for use as a plate in offset^{36 printing.}

LONG TERNE
A term applying to steel sheets that have been terne coated by immersion^{37 in a bath of Terne metal.}

LOW BRASS^{38 - 80% cu.
A copper-zinc39 alloy containing 20% zinc. Is a light golden color, very ductile, suitable for cupping, drawing, forming, etc. Because of its good strength and corrosion40 resistance it is used for flexible metal hoses, metal bellows41, etc.}

LOW CARBON STEELS
Contain from 0.10 to 0.30% carbon and less than 0.60% manganese.

LUDERS LINES
- Characteristic of No. 5 Temper - Not a defect in No. 5 dead soft temper. Long vein-like marks appearing on the surface of certain metals, in the direction of the maximum shear^{14 stress, when the metal is subjected to deformation43 beyond the yield point. Also called stretcher strains, similar occurrence in certain aluminum alloys, etc.}

LUSTER FINISH
Refer to FINISHES